Vanderhoff, Natasha, Peter Pyle, Michael A. Patten, Rex Sallabanks, and Frances C. James. 2016. “American Robin (Turdus migratorius).” The Birds of North America, edited by Paul G. Rodewald. Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved from the Birds of North America: https://birdsna.org/Species-Account/bna/species/amerob doi: 10.2173/bna.462