Elliott-Smith, Elise, and Susan M. Haig. 2004. “Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus).” The Birds of North America, edited by Paul G. Rodewald. Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved from the Birds of North America: https://birdsna.org/Species-Account/bna/species/pipplo doi: 10.2173/bna.2