Moldenhauer, Ralph R., and Daniel J. Regelski. 2012. “Northern Parula (Setophaga americana).” The Birds of North America, edited by Paul G. Rodewald. Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved from the Birds of North America: https://birdsna.org/Species-Account/bna/species/norpar doi: 10.2173/bna.215